You'll get a lot of responses on this, but I'll wade in first. My opinion is that a 15 deg synthetic bag performs better than a 15 deg down bag. It is more comfortable to sleep in (more mass to lay on), and provides warmth when wet (down becomes virtually worthless).
But the synthetic bag is quite a bit heavier, and bulkier. And bulk means a larger pack to carry it. So I would never take my synthetic bag to fair weather ranges.
My latest favorite bag for summer is the Marmot Hydrogen, a 30 deg bag weighing 1 lb. 5 oz., and it stuffs to the size of a 2-liter bottle of Coke. For protection from the rare Sierra nighttime storm, I carry a 3.5 oz emergency Mylar bivy sack (size of a pack of cigarettes), but I almost never have to get it out.
It's expensive, about $300, but weight and volume mean a lot to me. With this sleeping bag, I can easily fit all my overnight gear into a day pack, and get by with 10 - 12 lb total for almost all overnight Sierra climbs.